Notes: Patent Legal Factor (PL/f)
Enforceability: The actual patent term may be different from the patent term shown if there were any patent term adjustments made under 35
USC§1.705.
Relevancy: Higher ranked patents are more relevant to the claims of this patent, based on Pantros IP's Latent Semantic Analysis search results.
Novelty: More prior art citations limit the scope of the inventor's claim for novelty since the patent builds previous innovations or preexisting
knowledge. Statistically, non-patent citations restrict novelty more than patent citations.
Innovative Scope: Patents containing a higher number of backward citations have narrower innovative scope. This is offset on patents that have
a correspondingly higher number of claims. This report does not adjust scope based on the number of claims.
Validity: (Table A) Evidence in various patent litigation studies suggests that un-cited prior art is the most common basis for invalidity or revocation
decisions by the court of patent office.
Concurrent Art: (Table A) Concurrent art citations represent a high risk to a patent since there was no way for the Applicant, or possibly the
patent examiner, to know the disclosure or claims contained in the Concurrent Art citations.
Opposition: only the number of inventors is significantly correlated with the maintenance of the patent but exerts a negative effect on the
likelihood of the patent surviving opposition.
Opposition/Litigation Avoidance: Compared to relevant patents, one additional forward citation per claim raises the probability of an
infringement lawsuit or opposition by 22 percent. A one standard deviation increase in forward citations per claim raises the probability of litigation
or opposition by 35 percent. A low score suggests that the higher probability of litigation or opposition (when compared to other patents listed in
Patent Legal Factor (PL/l)
OVERALL LEGAL FACTOR SCORE
ENFORCEABILITY
A US patent has three maintenance fee payment dates between issuance and expiration. Failure to pay
maintenance fees, or expiration results in an unenforceable patent. If a patent is in review, the
enforceability rating is reduced since there is a chance the patent will be invalidated.
1.
TOTAL RELEVANCY STRENGTH
Relevancy ranking of this patent compared to the 100 most relevant US patents returned from a Latent
Semantic Analysis search using the full text claims of this patent.
2.
NOVELTY
Based on backward patent citations. A higher number of backward citations generally indicates a
reduction of invention novelty. This indicator shows the placement in number of backward citations
compared to the 100 most relevant patents.
3.
INNOVATIVE SCOPE
Patents containing a higher number of backward patent and non-patent citations have been shown to
have a narrower scope of claims (more limitations) than related patents with fewer citations.
4.
VALIDITY CONFIDENCE (Un-cited Earlier Filed Art)
A lower number of highly relevant but un-cited patents with earlier filing dates, disregarding earlier prior
art issue dates, increases the confidence of surviving an invalidity challenge.
5.
VALIDITY CONFIDENCE (Un-cited Concurrent Art)
Discovery of fewer highly relevant but un-cited Concurrent art patents (co-pending during prosecution)
increase the confidence of surviving an invalidity or infringement challenge.
6.
SUSTAINABILITY IN OPPOSITION
The number of inventors on a patent significantly correlates to opposition survivability; the fewer
inventors, the more likely a patent is to survive opposition.
7.
LITIGATION AVOIDANCE
When compared to closely related patents, if this patent has fewer forward citations within 3 years of
issuance, it will substantially increase likelihood of avoiding future litigation.
8.
TABLE 1.0 - KEY LEGAL INDEX METRICS 9.
Patent Expiration Date: 1/20/2030
Number of Backward Patent and Non-patent Citations: 425
Number of Relevant Un-cited Prior Art Patents: 0
Number of Relevant Un-cited Concurrent Art Patents: 0
Number of Forward Citations (within 3 yrs post issuance): 0
10. [ About This Report | Definitions | Related Tables & Charts | References ]
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